Exactly what is Explosive Welding Plates?

Explosive Welding, that is, the metal composite plate produced by the explosive welding method (explosion welding method), explosive welding plate generally means the explosion from the metal composite plate. An explosive welding composite plate is a type of composite material plate manufactured by utilizing explosive forming technology, and its manufacturing process involves multiple steps like explosive forming, metal composite, and surface treatment.

Metal explosive welding technology is really a composite material processing technology that utilizes the huge energy generated by the instantaneous generation of explosives to instantly composite two or more types of similar or dissimilar materials together, which technology can weld alloys with different properties, especially those which are not dissolved, into one piece.

Compared with the direct rolling composite method:

(1) loading speed, that is, the loading process is instantaneous ;

(2) Applied to the workpiece high-pressure pulse load, loading stress is much greater than the yield strength from the metal material;

(3) The bonding area shows wave-like metallurgical bonding characteristics;

Explosive welding composite plate history
Explosive composite discovery is the earliest in 1944, the American L.R. Karl (Carl) inside a dynamite explosion test, accidentally found two pieces of 1-inch diameter, thickness of .035 inches of thin brass discs, due to the sudden impact from the explosion and was welded together. In fact, in World War II, people in the repair of wounded tanks, but additionally often discovered that tilted impact to the tank around the shrapnel will be firmly welded to the tank armor phenomenon, just throughout the war individuals have no time to study it.

In 1947, the Siberian branch from the Soviet Academy of Sciences, the famous scientists M.A. Lavrentsev in study regarding polymer bombs to penetrate the armor also found this phenomenon, within his dissertation formally referred to as “explosive welding”.

In the area of welding, the welding of different materials, like steel and aluminum, steel and copper, is technically very hard. And huge welding depth of welding is also very hard, if you want to use conventional welding, shielding welding as well as other welding methods will be two 40mm thick wide plate welded right into a 80mm thick wide plate, it really is estimated that no one can do. However, the explosive welding is perfect to solve the 2 problems at the same time.

Explosive welding composite plate principle production method
Explosive welding is really a composite plate manufacturing method that combines one or more materials right into a single piece using explosives as the energy source. After the explosion of explosives, the blast products form a high-pressure pulse load, directly acting on the compound plate, promoting the high-speed movement from the compound plate, within the collision reason for the compound plate and the substrate tilt collision, combined with violent plastic deformation and the formation from the jet, the jet eliminates the top of the contamination layer, so the welded metal flat plate with a clean surface in contact with one another at high temperatures and high pressures, the 2 kinds of plate will realize the strong metallurgical bonding.

Explosive welding composite plate-specific production methods:

1. Explosion molding
Explosion molding is the first step within the manufacture of explosive welding composite plates. Within the explosion forming process, explosives in certain conditions instantly detonated, the resulting high-pressure gas will be pushed to the other side from the metal plate mold, so the metal plate in an instant to get the desired size and shape. This forming technique is characterized by high precision and high efficiency.

2. Metal composite
Within the explosion molding, the need for metal composite. This task is generally utilized in explosion welding or explosion crimping as well as other methods, two or more metal plates through the explosion energy combined together to form a composite material. During the metal composite process, a metallurgical reaction occurs between different metals, forming a powerful metallurgical bond.

3.Surface treatment
Surface treatment is usually required to enhance the surface quality and corrosion resistance from the explosive welding plate. Widely used surface treatment methods include spraying, plating, chemical plating and so forth. These techniques can boost the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and aesthetics from the composite plate.

Explosive welding composite plate production process, although simple, flexible production, but the technical requirements are high, difficult to accurately control, the parent material properties (toughness, impact properties, etc.), explosives properties (bursting speed stability, safety, etc.), the first parameters (the amount of explosives per unit area, the base compound plate spacing, etc.) and the dynamic parameters (collision angle, the compound plate collision speed, etc.) from the choice and system coordination from the composite plate from the finished product yield and quality has a direct impact.

The composite interface includes direct bonding area, melting layer and vortex. Atomic diffusion exists in the bonding interface, and severe plastic deformation with work hardening occurs in the bonding zone. The bonding surface has a wavy structure, which is beneficial to the improvement of bonding strength and tensile strength.

Explosive welding plate performance
Explosive welding explosive welding plate will not change the chemical composition and physical state from the original material, based on the actual needs from the composite material to be individually processed into the required optimal state.

Explosive welding plate application performance is very good, can withstand cold, hot processing without changing the thickness from the mixture of materials compared to the mixture of composite materials is very high strength, usually greater than the lower side from the mixture of materials, which is unattainable by other technologies. The composite material will not delaminate or crack during subsequent heat treatment, leveling, cutting, rolling, spinning as well as other production.

For room temperature and 550 ? heat treatment of carbon steel surface layer (near the interface layer) has serious deformation brought on by fibrous tissue and several fine particles, the heart from the organization of ferrite plus pearlite; stainless steel interface for the second phase of point-like organization, the heart from the needle-like organization. But by 650 ? treatment of carbon steel samples near the interface section of small particles from the organization disappeared (that may occur decarburization), the grain becomes coarse, the heart from the organization is still ferrite plus pearlite, but could not observed in the business from the slip line produced by deformation; as well as in the stainless steel interface there are a large number of small black particles, titanium steel composite plate could be the decarburization of chromium carbide particles formed after the advantages of the material right into a whole, giving full play to the usage of different metal materials, and greatly save rare and rare materials, and the usage of different metal materials. The usage of performance greatly saves rare metal materials, thus reducing the production cost of equipment.

Weak demand and oversupply in Asia have pushed steelmakers in the area to develop supplies of low-carbon steel and iron, especially as the Jan. 31 reporting deadline for the European Union’s Carbon Boundary Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) draws nearer, market participants said.

The problem is further complicated because other Western countries, namely the U.S., want to introduce similar policies.

A Singaporean trader said, “Asian steel producers have not slowed down production and want to increase output, therefore we expect capacity additions to outpace demand growth, especially in the post-epidemic recovery period.” . “…… Products need to go somewhere. Producers can export to Europe, but this means they need to offer low-carbon products at competitive prices.”

Asia’s path to decarbonization has seen several breakthroughs, particularly as policymakers have committed to various climate targets and dealt with public and private stakeholders to build up low-carbon technologies.

These investments have enabled steelmakers to explore commercially viable technologies and reliable sources of clean energy, namely direct decrease in iron from scrap or natural gas, or shifting to electric arc furnace steelmaking, that features a lower carbon intensity when compared with blast furnaces.

Paolo Frediani, senior analyst at Fastmarkets, said the marketplace is reacting to the steadily growing demand for green steel, given the amount of pipeline investment.

“CBAM will certainly provide a major boost [in creating a green steel supply chain], but regardless of the advanced regulation of steel emissions in Europe, the green steel premium is essentially supported because more and more end-users are attempting to reduce their overall carbon footprint,” says Frediani. “While this drive is stronger in certain regions than others, it really is being a global phenomenon.”

Explosive composite explosion welding advantages
Explosive composite this new process, new technology inside a short time to acquire rapid development and wide application, the main reason is it has the following four advantages:

(1) A variety of composite materials can be combined it can make the melting point, strength, coefficient of thermal expansion as well as other performance differences are extremely disparate metal combinations to accomplish composite. Like aluminum – steel, titanium – steel. At present has realized the composite material combination of over 300 kinds, which is incomparable with other methods.

(2) Excellent material properties
Composite plate from the general design principle would be to meet the mechanical properties from the structure from the base material, compound plate to meet the corrosion or wear resistance as well as other properties. Therefore, in comparison with just one metal plate, the composite plate makes full utilisation of the best performance from the substrate, and the compound plate not only has the required high strength but additionally has excellent corrosion resistance, wear resistance, as well as other properties of high production efficiency.

(3) High production efficiency/high bond strength.
Explosive composite in a really short time, and can be welded over a large area, a place of up to 20 square meters or more, within the composite interface, dissimilar metals through the metal bond to accomplish inter-atomic bonding is normally not under the minimum of the strength of the composite material constituting the respective parent body.

(4) Good economy
The usage of explosion welding technology to produce composite plate products have both corrosion resistance from the compound layer as well as other functional characteristics and both the strength of the grass-roots level and plastic toughness indicators, it can save you precious metal resources, reduce costs.

Application of explosive welding plate
Composite materials produced by the explosive welding method continues to be widely used in petroleum, chemical, shipbuilding, electronics, electric power, metallurgy, machinery, aerospace, atomic energy as well as other industrial fields. The composite plate is carbon steel as a substrate, single-sided or multi-faceted with precious metals as a double layer of high-efficiency energy-saving new composite materials, composite by explosion welding of special processing technology, both using the corrosion resistance of precious metals, wear resistance, but additionally with carbon steel, good weldability, molding, extensibility, thermal conductivity; explosive welding plate is now widely used within the petrochemical industry, metallurgy, salt production and alkali production, the water industry, Nuclear industry.

Shipbuilding
In shipbuilding, explosive welding plates can be used to manufacture hull structures, decks, bulkheads, etc. Due to its high strength and good corrosion resistance, the explosive welding plate can effectively enhance the durability and service life from the ship.

Aerospace
Within the aerospace field, explosive welding composite plates can be used to manufacture airplane fuselage, wings, engine parts, etc. Due to its good thermal stability and high strength, explosive welding composite plate can enhance the performance and safety of aircraft.

Construction Industry
Within the construction industry, explosive welding composite plates can be used to manufacture structural parts for bridges, high-rise buildings, highways, and so forth. Due to its high strength and good corrosion resistance, explosive welding composite plate can enhance the safety and service life of buildings.

Automobile manufacturing
In automobile manufacturing, explosive welding composite plates can be used to manufacture body structural parts, engine parts, and so forth. Due to its lightweight, high strength, and good thermal stability, the explosive welding plate can enhance the performance and safety of automobiles.

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